解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::The presence of tuberculosis (TB) in patients with silicosis increases mortality risk. To characterize silicosis-respiratory TB comortality in the United States, the authors used 1968-2006 National Center for Health Statistics multiple cause-of-death data for decedents aged ≥25 years. The authors calculated proportion...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwr159
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Longitudinal cohort studies normally identify and adjudicate incident events detected during follow-up by retrieving medical records. There are several reasons why the adjudication process may not be successfully completed for a suspected event including the inability to retrieve medical records from hospitals and an ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1093/aje/kwr155
更新日期:2011-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::The associations between alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking habits and the risk for colorectal adenomatous polyps according to the detailed clinical information about polyps were assessed in a large colonoscopy-based study. The study enrolled participants who visited the National Cancer Center of the Republic o...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwr098
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glioma risk has consistently been inversely associated with allergy history but not with smoking history despite putative biologic plausibility. Data from 855 high-grade glioma cases and 1,160 controls from 4 geographic regions of the United States during 1997-2008 were analyzed for interactions between allergy and sm...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwr124
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors evaluated indoor air pollution from coal combustion (IAPCC) as a potential risk factor for neural tube defects (NTDs) in a rural population in Shanxi Province, China. The studied rural population has both high IAPCC exposure and a high prevalence of NTDs. A population-based case-control study was used to i...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwr108
更新日期:2011-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::To facilitate an increase in the amount of data on minority subjects collected for genetic databases, the authors attempted to clarify barriers to African-American participation in genetic studies. They randomly sampled 78,072 subjects from the community (Missouri Family Registry, 2002-2007). Of these, 28,658 particip...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwr084
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nitrate and nitrite are precursors of N-nitroso compounds, which induce tumors of the pancreas in animals. The authors evaluated the relation of dietary nitrate and nitrite to pancreatic cancer risk in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study. Nitrate and nitrite intakes were assessed at baseline using a 124-item food frequ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwr092
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of influenzalike illnesses and influenza vaccination in the development of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), particularly the role of A/H1N1 epidemics and A/H1N1 vaccination, is debated. Data on all incident GBS cases meeting the Brighton Collaboration criteria that were diagnosed at 25 neurology centers in Fran...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwr072
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Maternal concentrations of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 (IGFBP-1) may influence fetal growth. Offspring birth weight related to maternal IGF-I and IGFBP-1 measured in pregnancy was studied in 368 randomly selected women without preeclampsia who delivered a singl...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwr067
更新日期:2011-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Sizes at birth of parents and their children are known to be correlated, reflecting in part the influence of fetal and maternal genes. Sociodemographic factors, regarded as aspects of the shared environment across generations, would also be expected to contribute, but evidence is limited. In the present study, the aut...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwr032
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is accumulating evidence suggesting that children may drive the spread of influenza epidemics. The objective of this study was to quantify the lead time by age using laboratory-confirmed cases of influenza A for the 1995/1996-2005/2006 seasons from Canadian communities and laboratory-confirmed hospital admission...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwr037
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors' purpose was to expand sexually transmitted disease core theory by examining the roles of person, place, and time in differentiating geographic core areas from outbreak areas. The authors mapped yearly census-tract-level syphilis rates for San Francisco, California, based on new primary and secondary syphi...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwr035
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the percentage of US drivers with valid driver's licenses varies from state to state, it has historically been high enough to constitute a useful sampling frame for many public health purposes. Over the past decade, states have had to restrict access to this information to comply with the Driver's Privacy Pro...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwr018
更新日期:2011-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::The authors performed a meta-analysis to estimate the magnitude of polymorphism effects for the complement component C3 gene (C3) and their possible mode of action on age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The meta-analysis included 16 and 7 studies for rs2230199 and rs1047286, respectively. Data extraction and risk ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1093/aje/kwr025
更新日期:2011-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::As economic development increases, puberty occurs at younger ages, and this could contribute to an increase in the incidence of cardiovascular diseases and hormone-related cancers. The factors that determine pubertal timing are poorly understood. The growth axis that is active during puberty is active in the first 6 m...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwr028
更新日期:2011-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Evidence for an association between age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and obesity is inconsistent. The authors examined associations between adiposity and AMD prevalence using 21,287 participants from the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study aged 40-69 years at baseline (1990-1994). For men, each increase of 0.1 ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwr005
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Preliminary evidence suggests that daytime sleepiness may predate clinical diagnosis of Parkinson disease. The authors examined daytime napping and nighttime sleeping durations, reported in 1996-1997 by 220,934 US NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study participants, in relation to Parkinson disease diagnoses at 3 clinical sta...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwq478
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although poorer self-rated health (SRH) is associated with increased mortality, less is known about its impact on functioning. This study evaluated whether poorer SRH was associated with decline in walking speed and whether caregiving, often considered an indicator of chronic stress, modified this relation. The sample...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwq445
更新日期:2011-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Maternal angiogenic factors (placental growth factor, soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (Flt-1), and soluble endoglin) may be associated with fetal growth restriction, and the associations may differ according to stage of pregnancy. Among children born to pregnant women without preeclampsia in Norway between 1992 and...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwq373
更新日期:2011-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Confounding due to population stratification is a potential source of concern in population-based genetic association studies, particularly in recently admixed populations such as African Americans. Several methods have been developed to control for population stratification in the context of genome-wide association s...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1093/aje/kwq401
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Mendelian randomization approach exploits genetic variants to improve causal inference when using observational data. The authors examined the relation between long-term obesity and common mental disorders (CMD) by utilizing the known relation between fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) genotype and body mass in...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwq444
更新日期:2011-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Current abstainers from alcohol have been identified as an inadequate reference group in epidemiologic studies of the effects of alcohol, because inclusion of former drinkers might lead to overestimation of the protective effects and underestimation of the detrimental effects of drinking alcohol. The authors' objectiv...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1093/aje/kwq364
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Skin lesions are classic clinical signs of toxicity due to long-term exposure to arsenic, and they are considered precursors to arsenic-related skin cancer. The authors prospectively evaluated synergisms between effects of arsenic exposure and those of tobacco use, sun exposure, and pesticide and fertilizer use on inc...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwq357
更新日期:2011-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::High-fiber diets are associated with improved lipid profiles. However, pre- and postmenopausal women respond differently to fiber intake, suggesting that endogenous estradiol mediates the effect. The authors' objective was to determine the direct effect of fiber intake on lipoprotein cholesterol levels independent of ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwq388
更新日期:2011-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Recent advances in geographic information systems software and multilevel methodology provide opportunities for more extensive characterization of "at-risk" populations in epidemiologic studies. The authors used age-restricted, geocoded data from the all-African-American Jackson Heart Study (JHS), 2000-2004, to demons...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwq317
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relation between measures of general and central adiposity and individual cardiovascular endpoints remains understudied in older adults. This study investigated the association of measures of body size and composition with incident ischemic stroke or coronary heart disease (1989-2007) in 3,754 community-dwelling U...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwq311
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite interest in the built food environment, little is known about the validity of commonly used secondary data. The authors conducted a comprehensive field census identifying the locations of all food outlets using a handheld global positioning system in 8 counties in South Carolina (2008-2009). Secondary data wer...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwq292
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors characterized human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) incidence and prospective changes in self-reported risk behavior over 2 years among 1,158 injection drug users (IDUs) recruited in Chennai, India, in 2005-2006. At baseline, HIV prevalence was 25.3%, and HCV prevalence was 54.5%. ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwq288
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several investigators have documented the effect of temperature on mortality, although fewer have studied its impact on morbidity. In addition, little is known about the effectiveness of mitigation strategies such as use of air conditioners (ACs). The authors investigated the association between temperature and hospit...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwq231
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiovascular morbidity has been associated with particulate matter (PM) air pollution, although the relation between pollutants and sudden death from cardiac arrest has not been established. This study examined associations between out-of-hospital cardiac arrests and fine PM (of aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm, or PM(2...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwq217
更新日期:2010-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Pooled analyses may provide etiologic insight about associations between exposure and disease. In contrast to childhood leukemia, no pooled analyses of childhood brain tumors and exposure to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MFs) have been conducted. The authors carried out a pooled analysis based on primar...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1093/aje/kwq181
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors examined the role of food insecurity in the etiology of children's cognitive and mental health problems. Data from a prospective longitudinal study of 1,116 United Kingdom families with twins (sample constructed in 1999-2000) were used to test associations among household food insecurity; income; maternal ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwq201
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Icelandic study of melanoma trends by Héry et al. in this issue of the Journal (Am J Epidemiol. 2010;172(7):762-767) is a fascinating analysis of an ecologic association. The authors noted a sharp increase in melanoma incidence that appeared to lag a few years behind the increased prevalence of sunbeds in Iceland....
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/aje/kwq232
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epidemiologic research that uses administrative records (rather than registries or clinical surveys) to identify cases for study has been increasingly restricted because of concerns about privacy, making unbiased population-based research less practicable. In their article, Nattinger et al. (Am J Epidemiol. 2010;172(6...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwq219
更新日期:2010-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::The term shoe-leather epidemiology is often synonymous with field epidemiology or intervention epidemiology. All 3 terms imply investigations initiated in response to urgent public health problems and for which the investigative team does much of its work in the field (i.e., outside the office or laboratory). Alexande...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwq252
更新日期:2010-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this analysis was to characterize the natural history of weight change in the years prior to death among older persons and to examine how this pattern varies according to longevity and cause of death. Weight trajectories were analyzed by using data from 800 male decedents from the Baltimore Longitudinal...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwq168
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sibling and twin study designs provide control for confounding factors that are typically unmeasured in traditional cohort studies. Using nationally representative data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health collected at 3 visits during 1994-2002, the authors evaluated the longitudinal association b...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwq169
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multiple imputation is increasingly recommended in epidemiology to adjust for the bias and loss of information that may occur in analyses restricted to study participants with complete data ("complete-case analyses"). However, little guidance is available on applying the method, including which variables to include in...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwq137
更新日期:2010-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::DNA oxidative stress has been suggested as an important pathogenic mechanism in cognitive impairment and dementia. With baseline data collected from 2004 to 2008, the authors examined whether urinary 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), a biomarker of global DNA oxidation, was associated with cognitive function in a s...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwq136
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Early-onset cannabis use is widespread in many countries and might cause later onset of depression. Sound epidemiologic data across countries are missing. The authors estimated the suspected causal association that links early-onset (age <17 years) cannabis use with later-onset (age > or =17 years) risk of a depressio...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwq096
更新日期:2010-07-15 00:00:00